Using genetic engineering DNA of crops is modified and these crops are called as Genetically Modified or GM Crops.These plants could have better resistance to certain pests, diseases or environmental conditions, or the production of a certain nutrient or pharmaceutical agent.
As they have better resistance to diseases naturally the productivity get substantially increased.
Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) is a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a biological pesticide. In my district where farmers are totally dependent of cotton this invention of Bt Cotton crops has totally changed the economy of farm sector. Earlier there was a lot dependency on the monsoon for output. Also the pest used to destroy the entire crop of the farm in many cases locally called as "Bond Alee". The cost of pesticides and allied treatments were earlier burdened to farmers. Now due to Bt Cotton the productivity get increased and consequently the socio-economics also get improved.
The benefits of GM Crops are as follows:-
a. Improved shelf life
b. Improved nutrition
c. Stress resistance
d. Herbicide resistance
e. Pathogen resistance - insects or viruses
f. Production of biofuels
g. Production of biofuels
h. Also they can be used in Drugs, for Bioremeredition Genetically modified plants have also been used for bioremediation of contaminated soils. Mercury, selenium and organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), TNT and RDXexplosive contaminants have been removed from soils by transgenic plants containing genes for bacterial enzymes.
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